Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder

read chapters 11,18,19,20,21,22,48,and 49 in the course text book
1. Compose at least 2-3 paragraphs all in APA format for each with proper references
2. use link provided with account info below

https://online.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9780134255378/pageid/0

Week 5 Discussion Forum Prompt 1
Complete your week 5 required discussion prompts. You must complete:
Discussion Prompt 1:
Discuss medications to treat seizures. What specifically should patients be taught about seizure medications to prevent adverse side effects?

Week 5 Discussion Forum Prompt 2
Discussion Prompt 2:
Discuss the practice patterns for controlling Parkinson’s, the expected health outcomes, and the outcomes for different populations.

Week 5 Discussion Forum Prompt 1:

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that is characterized by recurrent seizures, which can have a significant impact on an individual’s quality of life. The goal of treatment is to prevent seizures while minimizing side effects. Medications are the primary treatment for epilepsy, and there are several types available, including antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and anticonvulsants. AEDs work by stabilizing the electrical activity in the brain, while anticonvulsants work by reducing the excitability of the neurons. Commonly prescribed AEDs include carbamazepine, phenytoin, and valproic acid, while common anticonvulsants include benzodiazepines and barbiturates.

Patients should be taught about the potential side effects of these medications to prevent adverse reactions. Common side effects of AEDs include drowsiness, dizziness, and nausea, while anticonvulsants may cause sedation, confusion, and respiratory depression. Patients should also be advised to take their medication as prescribed and not to skip doses, as this can increase the risk of seizures. In addition, patients should be advised to avoid alcohol and to inform their healthcare provider of any changes in their health status or medication regimen.

References:

Aicardi, J. (2012). Epilepsy: A comprehensive textbook. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2021). Epilepsy: Hope through research. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Hope-Through-Research/Epilepsy-Hope-Through-Research

Week 5 Discussion Forum Prompt 2:

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the dopaminergic system, leading to motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. The goal of treatment is to improve symptoms, slow disease progression, and improve the patient’s quality of life. Treatment options include medications such as levodopa, dopamine agonists, and MAO-B inhibitors, as well as surgical interventions such as deep brain stimulation (DBS).

The practice patterns for controlling Parkinson’s disease vary depending on the patient’s stage of disease, age, comorbidities, and other factors. Levodopa is typically the first-line treatment for patients with motor symptoms, while dopamine agonists and MAO-B inhibitors may be added as the disease progresses. DBS is reserved for patients with advanced disease who are not adequately controlled with medication.

Expected health outcomes for patients with Parkinson’s disease include improved motor function, reduction in symptoms, and improved quality of life. However, the disease is progressive, and patients may experience a decline in motor function over time. Outcomes for different populations vary, with older adults and those with comorbidities experiencing greater disease burden and a higher risk of complications.

References:

Jankovic, J., & Tolosa, E. (2019). Parkinson’s disease and movement disorders. Wolters Kluwer Health.

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2021). Parkinson’s disease: Hope through research. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Hope-Through-Research/Parkinsons-Disease-Hope-Through-Research